Addax antelope (Addax
nasomaculatus)
Once
found all over the Sahara Desert, there are now estimated be less than 250
addax left in isolated pockets of Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Chad. This
desert antelope is listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union (IUCN),
and is listed on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II, which lists species that are
under the threat of extinction if some international effort is not made.
The addax weighs 130 to
275 lbs. and stands three to four feet tall at the shoulder. Both the male
and female have long, thin spiral horns that slant back and upward, a grayish-white
body, and a mat of brown hair on the forehead. 
The
addax’s coat changes from dark grayish-brown in the winter to white in the
summer in order to reflect or absorb sunlight depending on the seasonal temperature.
They have broad, flat hooves that allow them to walk on the desert sand without
sinking.